Demand Side Platform (DSP)

Adello is a Swiss AI-powered mobile advertising platform that uses deep learning to optimize campaign performance and audience targeting without relying on personal data.

Adelphic was a demand-side platform (DSP) offering programmatic advertising solutions for TV and digital media before being acquired by Viant Technology in 2017.

Adobe's independent, cross-channel demand-side platform (DSP) for managing programmatic advertising campaigns across display, video, native, audio, and Connected TV (CTV). Part of the Adobe Experience Cloud solution group; integrates with Adobe Real-Time CDP, Adobe Audience Manager, and Adobe Sensei AI for bidding optimization. Renamed from "Adobe Advertising Cloud" in line with Adobe's broader move away from the "Cloud" suffix in product naming.

Alphabet Inc. is the parent company of Google and several other businesses. Through Google, Alphabet dominates the digital advertising industry with the largest ad network, search advertising platform, and programmatic buying/selling platforms. Google's advertising products generate over $200 billion annually, making it one of the two dominant forces (with Meta) in digital advertising.

Amazon.com, Inc. is a multinational technology company that focuses on e-commerce, cloud computing, digital streaming, and artificial intelligence.

Amazon Ad Server (formerly Sizmek) is Amazon's enterprise-grade ad serving and creative management platform, enabling advertisers and agencies to manage, deliver, and measure campaigns across channels.

Amazon's advertising platform offering sponsored ads, display advertising, and video solutions across Amazon properties and third-party sites.

Amazon's demand-side platform enabling programmatic advertising across Amazon properties and third-party sites, leveraging Amazon's unique commerce and audience data.

Apple's privacy-first advertising platform enabling app developers and marketers to reach users across the App Store, Apple News, Stocks, and Maps.

AppNexus was a leading independent programmatic advertising technology platform that powered real-time bidding and ad exchanges before being acquired by AT&T in 2018.

China's dominant search engine and AI company, Baidu operates one of the world's largest digital advertising platforms, commanding over 70% of China's search ad market.

Beeswax was a customizable programmatic advertising platform that provided DSP technology for agencies and brands before being acquired by Comcast in 2021.

Microsoft's search advertising platform that enables advertisers to reach audiences across Bing, Yahoo, MSN, and the Microsoft Advertising Network.

Choozle is a leading programmatic advertising platform that empowers digital marketers to plan, buy, and optimize digital ad campaigns across display, video, mobile, and social channels.

Comcast Advertising is the advertising sales division of Comcast Corporation, offering multiscreen video, data-driven, and advanced advertising solutions across linear TV, streaming, and digital platforms.

Criteo is a global commerce media company that provides performance marketing and monetization services. The company specializes in AI-powered personalized advertising, dynamic retargeting, and retail media solutions across the open internet.

Tokyo-listed parent company (TYO:4324) of the global Dentsu Group network. Founded 1901 in Japan as advertising agency Nippon Kokoku.

Meta's advertising platform enabling businesses to create and manage ad campaigns across Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, and Audience Network.

Google is a multinational technology company and the world's dominant digital advertising platform, operating the largest search engine and extensive ad tech infrastructure.

Google's flagship digital advertising platform enabling businesses to display ads across Google Search, YouTube, and millions of partner websites through pay-per-click and display advertising.

Google's enterprise demand-side platform (DSP) for programmatic advertising, enabling large advertisers and agencies to plan, execute, and measure digital ad campaigns across display, video, audio, and connected TV.

LinkedIn's native advertising network that extends Sponsored Content beyond LinkedIn.com to reach professional audiences across third-party publisher sites and apps.

Meta Advantage is Meta's AI-powered advertising automation suite that helps businesses optimize campaigns across Facebook, Instagram, and the broader Meta ecosystem with minimal manual effort.

Meta Platforms, Inc. (formerly Facebook, Inc.) is a multinational technology conglomerate headquartered in Menlo Park, California. The company operates as one of the world's most influential social technology companies, owning and operating a family of products and services including Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Messenger. With billions of users worldwide, Meta's platforms enable people to connect, share content, and build communities across mobile devices, personal computers, and virtu...

Microsoft's digital advertising platform offering search, display, and native advertising solutions across Bing, MSN, and partner networks.

Microsoft Invest was Microsoft's demand-side platform (DSP) for programmatic advertising, evolved from AppNexus and Xandr Invest, scheduled for sunset on February 28, 2026.

Moloco is a leading mobile marketing platform that provides performance-driven advertising solutions for mobile app developers and brands.

Buy-side platform giving advertisers direct access to PubMatic's omnichannel inventory via non-bidded direct deals. Launched 2023.

Remerge is a mobile marketing platform that helps app developers and brands acquire, engage, and retain their users through personalized marketing campaigns.

Premium streaming TV. One-click commerce. Trusted journalism. The world’s most popular audio and podcasts. All these amazing online experiences thrive on an open internet. And they’re all fueled by relevant advertising.

tvScientific is a leading programmatic advertising company that helps brands reach and engage their target audiences through advanced data-driven advertising strategies.

Viant Technology LLC is a publicly-traded advertising technology company that operates a people-based advertising platform designed to help brands and agencies execute programmatic digital advertising campaigns. Founded in 1999 and headquartered in Irvine, California, Viant has evolved from an early internet advertising pioneer into a sophisticated demand-side platform (DSP) provider. The company went public via a direct listing on NASDAQ under the ticker symbol DSP in February 2021, reflecti...

WPP Media is WPP's newly unified global media services arm, formed from the merger of GroupM agencies to deliver integrated media planning, buying, and data-driven advertising solutions at scale.

A comprehensive advertising technology platform offering programmatic buying, selling, and data management solutions for premium digital advertising.

Zemanta is a demand-side platform (DSP) and native advertising technology company, now operating as part of Outbrain, that enables programmatic buying across native, display, and video inventory.

Adform is a leading global advertising technology company that provides a full-stack, white-label solution for digital advertising. They offer a comprehensive suite of products and services for advertisers, agencies, and publishers to effectively plan, buy, and measure digital advertising campaigns.

AI-powered user acquisition (DSP) platform that matches advertiser demand with publisher supply via real-time auctions. Core revenue driver for AppLovin.

AudienceXpress is a performance-based advertising sales product within Comcast Advertising, focused on remnant-level multiscreen TV inventory for advertisers seeking efficient, audience-targeted reach. It operates alongside Comcast Advertising Media Solutions as a distinct sibling brand under the Comcast Advertising umbrella, serving different demand-side use cases.

AppLovin's reinforcement-learning ad-bidding engine + customer-facing self-service Ads Manager. Started internal AXON 1.0 (2018-19), AXON 2.0 launched Q1 2023, customer-facing Axon brand October 2025 (referral-only). Strategic pivot into e-commerce/Shopify integration.

Baidu's advertising platform, the dominant search and display advertising solution in China, serving millions of advertisers across the world's largest internet market.

Basis (formerly Centro) provides a comprehensive programmatic advertising platform combining DSP, workflow automation, and campaign management. The platform serves agencies and brands with integrated media buying, planning, and optimization capabilities across display, video, CTV, and native advertising.

Beeswax is a customizable programmatic advertising platform offering bidder-as-a-service technology for agencies, brands, and ad tech companies.

Cadent is an advanced TV advertising platform that enables data-driven audience targeting and measurement across linear, addressable, and streaming TV.

Enterprise advertising software platform that was acquired by SteelHouse in 2017, providing workflow automation and campaign management solutions for digital advertising.

Comcast Advertising Media Solutions is the local and national advanced TV advertising sales business of Comcast Advertising, formerly known as Effectv. It provides audience-based targeting and cross-screen advertising across linear TV, streaming, and digital platforms, enabling advertisers to reach viewers efficiently with measurable outcomes.

DataXu was a programmatic marketing platform that provided software for omnichannel campaign planning, execution, and optimization before being acquired by Roku in 2019.

Demandbase is a leading Account-Based Marketing (ABM) and Sales platform that helps B2B companies identify, target and engage the accounts most likely to become their customers. Demandbase's AI-powered solutions provide account identification, account-based advertising, account-based marketing analytics, and more.

Dentsu's data-driven media agency network, formed 2017. Operates as part of Dentsu Media division.

Digital Turbine is a leading mobile growth platform that specializes in end-to-end solutions for mobile application discovery, user acquisition, and monetization. As the parent company of prominent advertising technology subsidiaries including Fyber, AdColony, and Appreciate, Digital Turbine operates a comprehensive ecosystem that connects mobile carriers, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), app developers, and advertisers. The company's platform leverages on-device technology to deliver...

IMDb TV Ads was Amazon's streaming ad product tied to the free, ad-supported IMDb TV service, which was later rebranded to Amazon Freevee and ultimately sunset in 2025.

InMobi is a leading global provider of enterprise platforms for marketers, delivering innovative ad experiences for mobile devices and connected televisions. The company's mission is to power the discovery and delivery of mobile content for the world's consumers.

Madison Logic is a leading B2B marketing and sales intelligence platform that specializes in account-based marketing (ABM) solutions and demand generation. The company provides enterprise-level tools that enable B2B marketers to identify, engage, and convert high-value accounts through data-driven insights and multi-channel activation. Their platform combines proprietary intent data, account identification, and programmatic advertising capabilities to help organizations optimize their marketi...

Major standalone ad business launched January 29 2024 — Amazon Prime Video became ad-supported. ~115M monthly US viewers. Distinct CPM tiers ($26 Preferred / $34 Guaranteed / $600K-8M Sponsorships). Justifies separate entity from Prime Video the consumer streaming brand.

Quantcast is an AI-driven audience measurement and real-time advertising platform that helps marketers understand and reach their target audiences across the open web.

OpenX's AI-driven curation platform — improved cost-per-acquisition by 11x in early ad campaigns. Launched May 21 2025.

British media and telecommunications conglomerate. Comcast's primary European footprint covering UK, Ireland, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy. Owner of Sky News, Sky Sports, Sky Studios, Sky AdSmart targeting platform. Acquired by Comcast September 2018 for ~$39B.

Sojern is a leading provider of digital marketing solutions for the travel industry, offering data-driven advertising and marketing services to help hotels, airlines, and other travel businesses reach and engage their target audiences.

Spotify's self-serve ad platform, rebranded from Spotify Ad Studio in July 2024. Audio + video ad campaigns across Spotify free-tier inventory.

StackAdapt is a leading programmatic advertising platform that helps brands and agencies execute data-driven digital campaigns across various channels, including display, video, native, and social.

Automated performance-advertising solution launched late 2024, evolution of "Smart Performance Campaign". Direct competitor to Google Performance Max and Meta Advantage+. Automates targeting, bidding, and creative selection (uses Symphony for creative). 52% ROAS lift, 50% CPA reduction in tests.

ByteDance's flagship Chinese news + content recommendation app launched August 2012. 292 million monthly active users; one of China's largest news/social platforms and a major ad inventory surface.

Cross-publisher TV ad-buying platform launched Q1 2025 by Comcast Advertising on FreeWheel infrastructure. Launch partners include NBCUniversal, Fox, Paramount, Roku, Warner Bros. Discovery, A+E, AMC Networks, DIRECTV, TelevisaUnivision, Xumo. Self-service Universal Ads Manager targets SME advertisers.

Verizon Media DSP was a demand-side platform that enabled programmatic advertising across Yahoo's properties and the broader web before being rebranded as Yahoo DSP.

Viant Technology is a people-based advertising technology company that operates at the forefront of programmatic digital advertising, providing enterprise-grade solutions for omnichannel campaign management and execution. The company's core offering is a sophisticated demand-side platform (DSP) that enables advertisers, agencies, and brands to plan, buy, and measure advertising across connected TV (CTV), linear TV, mobile, desktop, and digital out-of-home (DOOH) environments. Distinguished by...

Xaxis is GroupM's programmatic advertising platform and outcome media specialist, providing data-driven digital media buying and optimization services globally.

Yahoo's demand-side platform (DSP) that enables advertisers and agencies to programmatically buy display, video, native, and connected TV advertising across premium inventory.

Yahoo Japan (now LY Corporation) is Japan's leading internet services company operating a major digital advertising platform, search engine, e-commerce, and portal services.

Google's video advertising platform that enables advertisers to reach audiences across YouTube and the broader Google video partner network.

AcuityAds is a programmatic advertising technology company providing demand-side platform (DSP) solutions and data-driven digital media buying capabilities.

Adext is an AI-powered platform that optimizes digital advertising campaigns using machine learning. It identifies the best audiences and channels, automating ad spend allocation to significantly improve return on investment (ROI) for businesses. The platform aims to help companies efficiently scale their customer acquisition efforts.

Adform's unified ad-tech platform combining DSP, SSP, DMP, ad server, DCO, and DOOH planning under a single workflow. Launched September 2020 as Adform's flagship product (not a separate company — modeled here as a sub-product of Adform).

AdGear was a programmatic advertising technology platform providing ad serving, SSP, and DSP solutions, acquired by Samsung Ads in 2016.

Admedo is a programmatic advertising platform that provides real-time bidding and campaign management tools. The company offers a self-serve demand-side platform (DSP) that enables advertisers and agencies to manage digital advertising campaigns across multiple channels.

Adtelligent is a specialized advertising technology company that operates as a comprehensive programmatic advertising solutions provider serving both publishers and advertisers in the digital advertising ecosystem. The company has built its platform on advanced header bidding technology, real-time bidding capabilities, and sophisticated programmatic advertising infrastructure designed to simplify the complexity of digital advertising while maintaining transparency and control for clients navi...

Adtheorent is a machine learning-powered advertising technology company that has established itself as an innovative player in the programmatic advertising ecosystem. Operating as both a demand-side platform (DSP) and data management platform (DMP), the company leverages advanced predictive modeling and artificial intelligence to deliver precision-targeted advertising campaigns across multiple digital channels. Adtheorent's proprietary technology processes billions of data signals in real-tim...

Companion to Performance+, launched globally 2025 at unBoxed. AI-driven brand-awareness campaign type within Amazon DSP.

AI-driven cross-publisher CTV planning solution launched March 4 2025 in Amazon DSP. Combines Prime Video + premium publishers for 95% addressability claim.

AI-driven campaign type within Amazon DSP for off-Amazon performance. Launched March 2024; globally available since Oct 2024. Reports 30-90% lower CPAs vs traditional campaigns.

Amobee was a leading omnichannel advertising platform that rebranded to Tremor International's Nexxen in 2023, having previously served as Singtel's global digital marketing technology arm.

Appier is a leading artificial intelligence (AI) company that provides cross-screen technology solutions to help enterprises navigate the digital transformation journey.

Bidmath is a programmatic advertising technology platform that specializes in mathematical optimization and algorithmic bidding solutions for the digital advertising ecosystem. The company leverages advanced data analytics, machine learning, and predictive modeling to optimize real-time bidding (RTB) strategies across programmatic advertising channels. By focusing on mathematical precision and data-driven decision-making, Bidmath enables advertisers to maximize their return on ad spend (ROAS)...

Conversant is a personalized digital advertising platform that delivers individualized marketing experiences across devices, combining data, technology, and media to connect brands with consumers at scale.

Crimtan is a global programmatic advertising platform offering managed services and proprietary technology for display, video, mobile, and native advertising. They provide both DSP technology and full-service media buying with a focus on performance marketing.

Emodo is Ericsson's advertising platform that leverages telecom data for audience targeting and measurement. The company provides location intelligence, audience insights, and programmatic advertising solutions using carrier-grade data.

Foxtel is Australia's leading subscription television and streaming provider, offering premium content across sport, entertainment, and news through pay-TV and digital platforms.

Defunct ad-tech holding company founded 2014 by Gurbaksh Chahal as a serial acquirer. Acquired Triggit (March 2015, native programmatic DSP) along with several other ad-tech firms. Gravity4 itself ceased operations following Chahal's legal issues. Stub created during session 163 drift sweep.

IX cloud-native containerized DSP infrastructure pilot. Launched April 21 2026 (Bedrock Platform).

Iponweb was a Russian/Cyprus-headquartered AdTech infrastructure provider acquired by Criteo in August 2022 for $250M (originally announced $380M Dec 2021, revised post-Russia divestiture). Built the underlying tech for Criteo Commerce Grid (SSP) + Commerce Max (DSP). Owns BidSwitch ad exchange. Continues operating as Criteo's tech infrastructure backbone.

Kayzen is a mobile demand-side platform built specifically for mobile app marketers, offering programmatic advertising solutions with transparent pricing and advanced optimization algorithms. The platform focuses on user acquisition and retargeting for mobile apps.

Knorex is a leading AdTech company that provides a unified programmatic advertising platform called XPO. It empowers marketers to manage, optimize, and measure their digital campaigns across various channels and formats, leveraging AI to deliver relevant and effective ad experiences.

Koa Agents is The Trade Desk's agentic-AI media-buying capability launched April 2026 (Stagwell named first agency partner). Layered on top of Kokai (TTD's AI platform launched 2023). Note: distinct from Koah (the unrelated AI ad startup).

The Trade Desk's AI-powered media-buying platform — the next-gen interface that replaces Solimar. Launched June 2023; flagship TTD platform brand covered extensively in trade press. Distinct from the corporate parent in industry discourse.

Japanese internet conglomerate formed October 1 2023 via merger of Z Holdings + LINE + Z Entertainment + Z Data. Parent of Yahoo Japan, LINE, and other Japanese internet properties. ~64% owned by A Holdings (50/50 SoftBank/Naver JV). Stub created to model Yahoo Japan parent — full enrichment deferred.

Magnetic was a demand-side platform and data management company specializing in intent-based audience targeting, acquired by Zeta Global in 2016.

Marin Software is a publicly-traded technology company that provides a cloud-based digital advertising management platform for performance-driven advertisers and agencies. Founded in 2006, the company pioneered cross-channel advertising campaign management solutions that enable marketers to optimize their paid search, social, and eCommerce advertising campaigns across major platforms including Google, Microsoft, Facebook, Instagram, and Amazon. The platform leverages advanced analytics, autom...

Matterkind is IPG's addressable activation unit. Originally Cadreon (IPG Mediabrands' addressable platform); rebranded to Matterkind May 7, 2020. Folded into Kinesso 2024-2026 as part of IPG's data+tech consolidation. Now Omnicom-owned post-Nov 26, 2025.

Programmatic DSP specializing in performance marketing and user acquisition, particularly strong in mobile and app install campaigns. Offers AI-driven optimization for advertisers.

MediaMath was a pioneering demand-side platform (DSP) and programmatic advertising technology company that shut down operations in June 2023 after failing to secure new financing.

Mobvista is a global mobile advertising and marketing technology platform that delivers comprehensive full-stack solutions spanning the entire mobile marketing value chain. The company specializes in connecting advertisers with high-quality mobile app users through sophisticated programmatic advertising, user acquisition, and monetization solutions. Processing billions of ad requests daily, Mobvista leverages advanced machine learning algorithms and big data analytics to deliver performance-b...

Nanigans was a performance advertising platform specializing in Facebook and Instagram ad optimization before being acquired by Skai (formerly Kenshoo) in 2020.

Pontiac Intelligence is a self-serve DSP built on top of OpenRTB infrastructure, enabling agencies and independent buyers to access programmatic inventory without minimum spends. It democratizes programmatic buying for smaller advertisers and boutique agencies who lack access to enterprise DSPs.

Radius was a B2B marketing data and advertising platform that helped businesses identify, target, and engage small business customers through data-driven marketing solutions.

Rocket Fuel (acquired by Sizmek) was an AI-powered programmatic media buying platform that used predictive algorithms for ad targeting and optimization. The company specialized in programmatic display, video, and mobile advertising.

Roku's self-serve performance advertising platform launched September 18, 2024. $500 minimum spend, Shopify integration, designed to onboard SMB and growth-marketer advertisers to Roku CTV inventory. Lower friction than working with Roku's traditional sales reps.

Simpli.fi is a leading programmatic advertising platform that enables advertisers to execute localized campaigns across various digital channels. It specializes in unstructured data and provides solutions for local, national, and multi-location brands to target audiences with precision with its demand-side platform (DSP).

SiteScout was the first self-serve advertising platform for buying online banner ad space in real-time, pioneering programmatic display advertising.

Household-level addressable TV advertising platform launched 2014. Allows demographic, location, time-of-day, interest-based targeting. Integrated with NBCU Audience Studio in 2019 to form joint AdSmart cross-Atlantic offering.

Splicky was a real-time bidding (RTB) demand-side platform (DSP) specializing in mobile advertising, enabling advertisers to programmatically buy mobile ad inventory across global exchanges.

Taptap Digital is a mobile-first demand-side platform specializing in performance marketing and user acquisition for apps. The company provides programmatic buying tools optimized for mobile app install campaigns and in-app engagement.

Triggit was a retargeting platform that pioneered real-time bidding technology for display advertising before being acquired by Facebook in 2012.

ByteDance's wholly-owned enterprise cloud + AI services platform. RMB 12B revenue 2024 (~$1.7B), targeting RMB 25B 2025; #2 in China AI cloud (~13% market share H1 2025). Powers TikTok/Douyin ad infrastructure; Doubao LLM family.

Adtelligence is a German programmatic advertising platform offering DSP and DMP capabilities with focus on the DACH region. They provide data-driven advertising solutions with emphasis on brand safety and compliance with European privacy regulations.

Bidtheatre is a self-service programmatic advertising platform that provides access to premium inventory across display, video, and native formats. The platform focuses on making programmatic advertising accessible to mid-market advertisers with transparent pricing and user-friendly campaign management tools.

Bucksense is a white-label DSP platform provider that enables agencies and brands to launch their own programmatic advertising platforms. They offer enterprise-grade bidding technology, campaign management tools, and customizable interfaces for programmatic buying.

Chango was a pioneering search retargeting and programmatic advertising platform that used search intent data to deliver highly targeted display ads before being acquired by Rubicon Project in 2014.

ML-powered lookalike-audience engine within Disney's clean room ecosystem; powers sequential-messaging campaigns, expanding reach without breaking frequency caps. Announced CES 2025 alongside Magic Words updates.

Don was an AI-powered advertising platform that used conversational AI and natural language processing to help brands create and optimize digital ad campaigns.

Fetchback was a retargeting technology provider that helped advertisers re-engage website visitors through display advertising across the web.

Infectious Media is a programmatic advertising agency and trading desk that manages display, video, mobile, and social media campaigns. They combine proprietary technology with managed service expertise to optimize programmatic media buying for brands and agencies.

Machine Advertising is a programmatic advertising platform that leverages artificial intelligence to optimize ad campaigns across various digital channels. It provides brands and agencies with data-driven insights and automation tools to deliver highly targeted and efficient advertising solutions. The company aims to maximize return on investment through its advanced AI-powered platform.

Mediasmart is a leading mobile programmatic advertising platform that provides a self-serve Demand-Side Platform (DSP). It enables advertisers to manage, optimize, and scale their mobile ad campaigns, focusing on user acquisition and re-engagement through advanced targeting and real-time bidding.

Perfect Audience was a retargeting platform that enabled small and medium-sized businesses to run display and social media retargeting campaigns across multiple channels.

Retune DSP is a demand-side platform providing programmatic advertising solutions for digital marketers and agencies.

Terminus is a leading AdTech Platform that helps B2B companies engage their target accounts through personalized advertising and account-based marketing campaigns.

Trapica was an AI-powered advertising automation platform that used machine learning to optimize paid social and search campaigns, later acquired to enhance marketing intelligence capabilities.

AdElement is a programmatic advertising platform specializing in native and display advertising solutions. The company provides self-serve DSP technology with advanced targeting capabilities for performance marketers and agencies.

Basis by Centro is a cloud-based programmatic advertising platform that provides automated media buying, campaign management, and workflow automation for agencies and brands.

DigitalInnovations LLC is an advertising technology platform provider that specializes in programmatic advertising solutions, serving as a critical bridge between demand-side advertisers and supply-side publishers in the digital advertising ecosystem. The company's core offering combines advanced real-time bidding (RTB) infrastructure with machine learning-driven audience targeting capabilities, enabling brands to optimize digital advertising campaigns and maximize return on ad spend. Their c...

Meta's advertising platform enabling businesses to create, manage, and optimize ad campaigns across Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, and Audience Network.

Facebook Video Ads was Meta's native video advertising solution embedded within the Facebook platform, enabling brands to reach billions of users through in-feed, in-stream, and Stories video formats.

Triblio is an account-based marketing (ABM) platform that combines advertising, web personalization, and sales intelligence to help B2B companies target and engage specific accounts.

AdMaven is a performance-focused ad network specializing in push notifications, pop-under, and native ads, connecting advertisers with a massive global publisher base.

Operating system for agent-to-agent programmatic advertising. LLM-driven autonomous campaign planning, execution, and optimization. Launched at CES January 5 2026 — major industry milestone.

Alibaba's advertising division powers performance and brand marketing across its vast e-commerce and digital ecosystem, including Taobao, Tmall, and the Alibaba Audience Network.

Alibaba's marketing technology arm and China's largest digital advertising platform, powering performance and brand advertising across Taobao, Tmall, and the broader Alibaba ecosystem.

Assembly Global is a modern global media agency combining data-driven strategy, proprietary technology, and media expertise to deliver performance-focused campaigns for multinational brands.

Baidu Mobile Ads is China's dominant mobile advertising platform, leveraging Baidu's search engine and AI capabilities to connect advertisers with hundreds of millions of mobile users across its ecosystem.

Cox Communications is the third-largest cable operator in the United States, providing video, internet, voice, and home-automation services. Privately held subsidiary of Cox Enterprises; headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Co-owner (with Comcast and Charter) of the Ampersand multichannel ad-sales JV; its ad-sales arm Cox Media is the operating subsidiary.

Japanese internet conglomerate and major AdTech player operating AI-powered ad platforms, a DSP, and one of Japan's largest digital advertising ecosystems.

Dept is a global digital agency combining technology, creativity, and data to deliver end-to-end digital experiences for major brands worldwide.

DEPT® is a global digital agency combining technology, creativity, and data to deliver end-to-end digital experiences for leading brands worldwide.

Digital Garage is a Japanese internet and technology holding company that invests in and develops digital marketing, data, and fintech businesses across Japan and globally.

iClick Interactive is a China-based independent marketing technology platform offering enterprise and marketing cloud solutions to brands targeting Chinese consumers.

Magnite ClearLine is a self-service programmatic TV advertising platform that enables advertisers and agencies to buy premium streaming and linear TV inventory directly from publishers without traditional intermediaries.

Metadata.io is an AI-powered demand generation platform that automates B2B paid advertising campaigns across LinkedIn, Facebook, and other channels to maximize pipeline and revenue.

MicroAd is a leading Japanese AdTech company offering a comprehensive programmatic advertising platform and DMP solutions primarily serving the Asia-Pacific market.

Programmatic media and advanced data services company founded in 2012 in San Francisco. Acquired by S4 Capital in December 2018 in a $150M deal — the second pillar (alongside MediaMonks) of Sir Martin Sorrell's post-WPP roll-up. Folded into the unified Media.Monks brand in August 2021; Media.Monks subsequently rebranded to Monks in July 2024. Historical brand: search now resolves to Monks.

Neon was a programmatic advertising platform specializing in connected TV (CTV) and video advertising, acquired by Xandr (formerly AppNexus/AT&T's ad platform).

Opt Inc. is a performance marketing and customer acquisition platform that helps brands optimize digital advertising spend across channels through data-driven automation and analytics.

Publicis Dublin is the Irish hub of Publicis Groupe, delivering integrated advertising, media, and digital marketing services to major brands across Ireland and internationally.

Septeni Holdings is a leading Japanese digital advertising and media group, operating one of Japan's largest internet advertising networks with strong ties to Yahoo Japan and a growing manga/content business.

Vivo Ads is a mobile advertising platform operated by Vivo, the Chinese smartphone manufacturer, enabling brands to reach Vivo's massive user base through native and in-app ad formats.

Vpon is a leading mobile advertising and big data analytics platform focused on the Asia-Pacific market, helping brands reach consumers across Greater China and Southeast Asia.

WPP OpenDoor is WPP's unified programmatic buying platform that consolidates media investment across major digital platforms for WPP agency clients.

Yandex Ads is the advertising platform of Yandex, Russia's dominant search and technology giant, offering a full suite of digital advertising solutions across search, display, video, and mobile channels.

Yeahmobi is a China-based global mobile advertising and marketing platform specializing in performance-driven user acquisition and app promotion across emerging markets.

Zenith is a global media agency and ROI specialist owned by Publicis Groupe, known for its data-driven approach to media planning, buying, and performance optimization.